Title

Retrieval of behavior trees using map-and-reduce technique

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2021

Publication Title

Egyptian Informatics Journal

DOI

10.1016/j.eij.2021.05.005

Keywords

Behavior trees, Cognitive scripts, Information retrieval, Map-and-reduce, Pharaoh

Abstract

There has been an increased interest in the creation of AI social agents who possess complex behaviors that allow them to perform social interactions. Behavior trees provide a plan model execution that has been widely used to build complex behaviors for AI social agents. Behavior trees can be represented in the form of a memory structure known as cognitive scripts, which would allow them to evolve through further development over multiple exposure to repeated enactment of a particular behavior or similar ones. Behavior trees that share the same context will then be able to learn from each other resulting in new behavior trees with richer experience. The main challenge appears in the expensive cost of retrieving contextually similar behavior trees (scripts) from a repertoire of scripts to allow for that learning process to occur. This paper introduces a novel application of map-and-reduce technique to retrieve cognitive with low computational time and memory allocation. The paper focuses on the design of a corpus of cognitive scripts, as a knowledge engineering key challenge, and the application of map-and-reduce with semantic information to retrieve contextually similar cognitive scripts. The results are compared to other techniques used to retrieve cognitive scripts in the literature, such as Pharaoh which uses the least common parent (LCP) technique in its core. The results show that the map-and-reduce technique can be successfully used to retrieve cognitive scripts with high retrieval accuracy of 92.6%, in addition to being cost effective.

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